Augustus h



DETTE@ STATES PATENT OEETUE..

AUGUSTUS H. AIKMAN, OF BROOKLYN, AND GEORGE K. OSBORN, OF BAY RIDGE, NEWYORK.

LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 237,668, dated February15, 1881. Application led July 6, 1880. (No model.)

T o all whom it may concern Beit known that we, AUGUsTUs H. AIE- MAN andGEORGE K. OsBoRN', the United States, residing, respectively, atBrooklyn and at Bay Ridge, both in the county of Kings and State of NewYork, have jointly invented certain Improvements in Lamps andChandeliers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to lamps and chandeliers for burning liquidhydrocarbons; and the principal feature of the invention consists in thenovel construction of the burner-tip and the means of adjustingit. Theinvention embodies, however, other novel features, all as will be morefully hereinafter set forth.

In the drawings which serve to illustrate our invention, Figure l is avertical mid-sec` tion of a bracket-lamp embodying our invention. Fig. 2is aplan of the same, the inverted reservoir or fount andthe cone beingremoved. Figs. 3 and 4 are detached detail views, which will be moreparticularly referred to hereinafter.

The form of lamp chosen to illustrate our invention is that in which thereservoir is supported on a pipe-bracket, generally an ordinarygasbracket; but the invention is equally well adapted to chandelierswith two or more burners, and, indeed, to almost any style of burner orlamp.

A is the fount or reservoir, arranged in an inverted position in afount-holder, B. The month of the fount is covered by a screw-cap, a, towhich is attached an inverted conical tube, b. Into this tube fits aconical valve, c, upon which presses a spring, d, which tends to keepthe valve pressed'down upon its seat.

The spring abuts 'against a frame, c, which is4 attached to the cap a.When the fount is in position, as in Fig. 1, the valve c is raised olfits seat, and supported in that position by a pin, f, secured in thefount-holder B. The position of the valve when closed is shown in thesectional detail view, Fig. 4.

In the bottom of the fount-holder B is a socket, g, adapted to receive atip, h, which is attached to the nipple of the bracket-tube. (Notshown.) This tip may be screwed onto the extremity of a gas-bracket fromwhich a gasboth citizens of l the tip h.

burner tip has been removed, or, in some cases, the gas-burner pillarmay be used in lieu of This tip forms the air-inlet for supplying acurrent of air to the flame, the air being furnished by any kind ofair-forcing apparatus connected with the lamp or chandelier by means ofa pipe or hose.

C is an air-jet tube, connecting with` the socket g at i, and arrangedto produce an induced current through a larger tube, D, which opens intothe burner-shell E. This is accomplished by arranging the tip j of thejettube opposite the open end ofthe tube D, as shown.

F is the oil pipe or tube which connects the fount-holder B with theoil-well k ofthe burner. This pipe is bent downward inside thefountholder to insure its extremity being immersed or sealed by the oil,and forms a sort of siphontrap, whereby a small quantity of oil willalways be retained in the holder. This prevents smoke from the burnerfrom traversing the pipe F when the lamp is extinguished.

We will now describe our improved means 0f adjusting the burner-tip,whereby we overcome many of the inconveniences and defects inherent inthe methods of adjustment heretofore known.

Referring to Fig. 3 (which shows the interrior parts of the burnerpartially in section and the bottom of the burner-tip cup) in connectionwith Figs. l and 2, G is a screw for adjusting the burner-tip,.whicl1 isprovided with a milled head, Z, or some equivalent device, whereby thescrew may be rotated. This screw passes through a stuffing-box arrangedin the lower part of the burner-shell, the thread ou the screw engaginga female thread in the bottom of the well 7c. The screw-plug m of thestuffing-box bears upon a suitable packing, a, which we prefer to makeof cork, that being less absorbent than textile materials, and not inthe least affected by the hydrocarbons. Ve prefer to employ an ordinarybottle-cork, perforated to fit the screw G, and before inserting it tocover its inner end with a little common soap, whereby the escape of oilfrom the well is the better prevented. The

upper or inner end of the screw G is swiveled in any known manner to thebottom of a cup, o, which bears the burner-tip H, and this cup,

IOO

which does not t tightly in the well k, is guided and steadied in itsmovement up and down in said well by some suitable form of guides. 'Veprefer to arrange grooves in the sides of the well and provide the cupwith flanges or wings to engage the same, as indicated in Fig. Thebottom of the cup o (see bottom view in Fig. 3) is perforated to allowthe oil from the well to pass through to the burner-tip.

The burner-tip H is constructed as follows: A cup, p, is formed fromwire-gauze, and is then drawn over a sheet-metal tube, q, (see Fig. 1,)and another tube, r, is slipped over both, as shown, and soldered orotherwise fixed in place. The tube and tip are then filled with somefibrous material to draw the oil up to the tip, the portion of saidmaterial within the tip, if not the whole of it, being of a refractorynature, as glass fiber, asbestus, &c. The tip thus formed fits into thebearing-cup 0, the edge of the tube r forming a shoulder to rest on themargin of the latter. This construction enables us to house and securethe ragged edges of the gauze cup p.

It will be seen that there is an annular space all around the burner-tipH and between it and the wall of the well 7c, which allows the overflowfrom the tip, should there be any, to fall back into the well; and byavoiding all lateral connections usually found in wick-elevatingdevices, which bridge over the annular spaces, the oil drawn up by thecapillary force is prevented from being carried over at the side. Insome cases, however, crusts from the tip or other accidentalobstructions will bridge over this space, and to guard against suchcontingencies we provide the upper part of the well-tube k with asurrounding cup, s, to catch such overflow, and cover or line the wallof the well 7c, inside the cup s, with a capillary material, t, (seeFig. 3,) preferably of fine wire-gauze. This serves to form temporarilyan auxiliary wick, which, when the burner is in operation, carries theoil up to the top of the well, vaporizes it, and burns it.

Other textile materials may be employed for the capillary surface, butwe prefer a refractory material, such as gauze, glass ber, or asbestus.

The air-space of the burner-shell E is provided with diaphragms u u, ofwire-gauze or nely perforated metal, arranged substantially as shown inFigs. l and 2, for the purpose of diffusing the current of air before itreaches the burning-point.

I is a cone, ofthe usual construction.

In the construction herein shown the burner tip, oil well, Snc., are ofan elliptic form when viewed in plan; but they may be of any shape, ormay differ in shape, as desired.

The oil or fluid enters the well 7s from the fount-holder in the usualway, and the air from the jet-tube C enters the burner-shell in theusual way. The oil or fluid stands in the well on the same level that itstands at in the forint-holder, and is fed up to the burningpoint bycapillary force.

The burner-tip H is adjusted up and down to regulate the flame by meansof the screw G, which is preferably arranged in the vertical axis of theburner-shell.

The method of introducing the current of air herein shown is adapted tobracket-lamps. For chandeliers it will, of course, be arrangeddifferently.

'We are aware that prior to our invention a lamp-wick has been propelledup or down by turning a screw connected with its carrier extending downthrough a stuffing-box in the bottom of the oil-well and bearing amilled head on its lower end outside of and below the lamp.

le claim as our invention- 1. The mechanism for raising and lowering theburner-tip H, which consists of the male screw G, arranged in thebottoni of the burner-shell E, the stuffing -boX, the cup o, to whichthe screw is attached, and the well k, in which the cup o is guided, andwhich forms a nut or female screw for the male screw G, all arrangedsubstantially as set forth.

2. The combina-tion of the burner-tip H, constructed substantially asshown, the bearing-cup 0, the well 7a, the male screw G, and theburner-shell E, provided with a stuffingbox to receive the screw, allarranged substantially as set forth.

3. The burner-tip H, composed of the gauzeroo cup p, the inner tube, q,the outer tube, r, and the refractory fibrous packing, all combined andarranged substantially as set forth.

4. The well 7.1, provided with an overiow cup, s, and a capillarysurface, t, substantially 1o 5 as and for the purposes set forth.

5. The combination, in a hydrocarbon-lamp, ofthe following elements,namely: the fountholder provided with a socket, g, the air-jet tubes Cand D, the burner-shell provided with I 1o the diaphragms u u, theoil-pipe F, well k, screw G, cup o, and refractory burner-tip H, allarranged substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof' wc have hereunto signed our names in the presence oftwo subscribing r 15 witnesses.

AUGUSTUS H. AIKMAN. GEORGE K. OSBORN.

NVitnesses:

HENRY CONNETT, ARTHUR G. FRASER.

